세틀먼트를 직접해볼려고 하는데요 전화해서 어떻게 말해야하나요?
사정얘기를 하나요? 잘하셨던 분들 조언부탁드립니다.
답변:
기술적인 방법은 특별히 말씀드릴 것이 없구요, 채무조정 협상의 일반적인 상황을 말씀드리려고 합니다. 도움이 되셨으면 합니다.
크레딧 카드사(original creditor) 하고 협상하는 경우 "1. 꼭 갚고 싶다. 2. 재정적 형편이 어려워졌다. 3. 도와준다면 방법을 찾아서 갚고 싶다." 정도면 무난하게 진행됩니다. 크레딧 카드사와 협상시 가장 중요한 것은 채무상환의지와 갚을 수 있는 현금을 준비하는 것입니다. 보통 원금의 50% 선에서 합의하게 됩니다. 카드사에 따라 분할납부 프로그램이 있는 곳도 있습니다.
콜렉션 컴패니하고 협상하는 경우는 많이 다릅니다.
콜렉션 컴패니의 경우 채무자의 어카운트를 카드사로부터 '낮은 가격' 에 사들인 후 추심을 통해 이윤을 남기는 비지니스입니다.
이경우 추심회사는 '더받기 위해' 그리고 채무자는 '덜내기 위해' 밀고땅기는 싸움이 시작됩니다. 경우에 따라서는 쌍방이 여러가지 툴(tool)을 사용하기도 합니다. 서로 사용할 수 있는 법률조항을 인용해 협박하기도 합니다. 채무자의 경우 debt validation letter 를 보낸다거나 Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. (FDCPA) 를 걸어 소송을 하기도 합니다.
추심회사는 채무자의 이와같은 공격을 막아내며 가능한 빨리 많은 돈을 받기 위해 "법이 허락하는 한도'에서 '최선'을 다합니다. 이 경우 원금의 약 30% 선에서 세틀되게 됩니다.
요약하면 원카드사하고 협상할 때는 말그대로 '빚을 깍아달라고 부탁'하는 것이고, 추심회사하고 협상할 때는 '비지니스 딜' 이라
고 보셔도 됩니다.
2012년 1월 27일 금요일
카드빚 못갚으면 세금내야 한다는 것이 무슨 말인가요?
카드빚을 못갚고 있는데 1099-C 가 와서 세금보고를 해야 한다고 하네요. 1099-C 는 무엇이고 면제받는 방법도 있다는데 무엇인가요?
답변:
아래 글을 참조하세요.
What is the 1099-C?
If you have settled unsecured credit card debt, you should be prepared to receive a statement from the company for the forgiven portion of the debt the following tax year. The part of the debt that is forgiven will be counted as income that you must report to the IRS.
It is unlikely that you’ll be successful in negotiating this away, but there is a way around it, using Form 982. I know of one case of successful resolution where the debtor did not receive one statement from any of the banks he settled with.
The Insolvency Exemption
The IRS considers $600 or more of forgiven debt as taxable income.
They do provide an insolvency exemption, which is calculated at the time of the debt settlement, based upon your assets and debts. And in the worst case, if you are impoverished, the IRS will not require you to pay taxes.
Note that this last is different than the insolvency exemption, which only takes into consideration assets and debt at the time of settlement. So, even if you are working and collecting a paycheck, you can be insolvent according to this exemption.
If you cannot use the exemption and can’t afford to pay taxes on the forgiven debt, your account may go into uncollectible status. Unlike taking the insolvency exemption, this does not remove your tax obligation, but it will halt any attempts to collect it until your situation improves.
According to the IRS, if you are insolvent at the time you reached a settlement with the creditor, meaning that you owed more in debt than you owned in assets, than you can off-set the amount on the 1099-C up to the total amount which you claim you were insolvent.
For example, if you had $60,000 worth of debt, and you settled with that company for half, you would receive a 1099-C for $30,000. You need to prove that you were insolvent, or had a negative worth equal
to or greater than $30,000, in order to not pay taxes on any portion of that forgiven debt.
Add up the amount that you have in savings, checking and IRA accounts, as well as assets you hold in the form of a house, automobile and other personal items that might have any value. Make sure when you are
looking at the value in a home, you take into account a recent fair market value, as the real estate market has changed in the last few years. Say that you come up with assets totaling $15,000. Since you owed $60,000 to begin with, and your assets were only $15,000 you had a negative net worth of $45,000. Since that exceeds the $30,000 you see on the 1099-C, you easily fit the exemption, and will not have to pay taxes on your forgiven debt.
It’s possible that you might have to pay taxes on a portion of the forgiven debt. For example, if all your assets totaled $40,000, and you owed $60,000, you have a negative worth of $20,000. Now, your 1099-C says that you got $30,000 in forgiven debt. So, you are $10,000 short and would need to pay taxes on that remaining $10,000. In this case, you were able to reduce the amount.
Taking a look at another example, if you had substantial equity in a home–perhaps $55,000, and an additional $10,000 in other assets, you would have a total net worth of $65,000. Since you owed $60,000, your net worth is now positive–and you could not deduct any amount from the 1099-C. Therefore, you are liable for taxes on the full amount that was forgiven (in this example, $30,000).
You would need to perform this calculation for each debt that you have settled, since you may be dealing with several creditors. Use the date the settlement is due, and not when the agreement is reached. If you will be making several payments, use the date of your final payment.
You should utilize the services of a tax professional when filing your taxes to be sure you are doing your taxes correctly. In every case, you’re still making out better by settling on your debts and paying any taxes that may be due, rather than attempting to pay the full amount of the original debt.
답변:
아래 글을 참조하세요.
What is the 1099-C?
If you have settled unsecured credit card debt, you should be prepared to receive a statement from the company for the forgiven portion of the debt the following tax year. The part of the debt that is forgiven will be counted as income that you must report to the IRS.
It is unlikely that you’ll be successful in negotiating this away, but there is a way around it, using Form 982. I know of one case of successful resolution where the debtor did not receive one statement from any of the banks he settled with.
The Insolvency Exemption
The IRS considers $600 or more of forgiven debt as taxable income.
They do provide an insolvency exemption, which is calculated at the time of the debt settlement, based upon your assets and debts. And in the worst case, if you are impoverished, the IRS will not require you to pay taxes.
Note that this last is different than the insolvency exemption, which only takes into consideration assets and debt at the time of settlement. So, even if you are working and collecting a paycheck, you can be insolvent according to this exemption.
If you cannot use the exemption and can’t afford to pay taxes on the forgiven debt, your account may go into uncollectible status. Unlike taking the insolvency exemption, this does not remove your tax obligation, but it will halt any attempts to collect it until your situation improves.
According to the IRS, if you are insolvent at the time you reached a settlement with the creditor, meaning that you owed more in debt than you owned in assets, than you can off-set the amount on the 1099-C up to the total amount which you claim you were insolvent.
For example, if you had $60,000 worth of debt, and you settled with that company for half, you would receive a 1099-C for $30,000. You need to prove that you were insolvent, or had a negative worth equal
to or greater than $30,000, in order to not pay taxes on any portion of that forgiven debt.
Add up the amount that you have in savings, checking and IRA accounts, as well as assets you hold in the form of a house, automobile and other personal items that might have any value. Make sure when you are
looking at the value in a home, you take into account a recent fair market value, as the real estate market has changed in the last few years. Say that you come up with assets totaling $15,000. Since you owed $60,000 to begin with, and your assets were only $15,000 you had a negative net worth of $45,000. Since that exceeds the $30,000 you see on the 1099-C, you easily fit the exemption, and will not have to pay taxes on your forgiven debt.
It’s possible that you might have to pay taxes on a portion of the forgiven debt. For example, if all your assets totaled $40,000, and you owed $60,000, you have a negative worth of $20,000. Now, your 1099-C says that you got $30,000 in forgiven debt. So, you are $10,000 short and would need to pay taxes on that remaining $10,000. In this case, you were able to reduce the amount.
Taking a look at another example, if you had substantial equity in a home–perhaps $55,000, and an additional $10,000 in other assets, you would have a total net worth of $65,000. Since you owed $60,000, your net worth is now positive–and you could not deduct any amount from the 1099-C. Therefore, you are liable for taxes on the full amount that was forgiven (in this example, $30,000).
You would need to perform this calculation for each debt that you have settled, since you may be dealing with several creditors. Use the date the settlement is due, and not when the agreement is reached. If you will be making several payments, use the date of your final payment.
You should utilize the services of a tax professional when filing your taxes to be sure you are doing your taxes correctly. In every case, you’re still making out better by settling on your debts and paying any taxes that may be due, rather than attempting to pay the full amount of the original debt.
제소기간 (statutes of limitations) 과 신용기록 존속기간(credit reporting)
크레딧 카드 빚과 관련된 제소기간 (statutes of limitations) 과 신용기록 존속기간(credit reporting) 은 어떻게 되나요?
답변:
크레딧 카드 빚과 관련된 제소기간 (statutes of limitations) 과 신용기록 존속기간(credit reporting) 은 다음과 같습니다.
채권자는 채무 변제가 이루어질 때까지 이를 소송을 통해 청구할 수 있지만, 법원에 소송을 제기하여 채권자 권리를 행사하는데 있어서는 반드시 법정 기간내에 소송을 제기하여야 합니다. (CCP sec. 335 et seq.) 예를 들어 서면계약 위반인 경우에는 4년의 제소 기간이 됩니다.
제소기간은 주법에 근거하는 반면, 신용기록은 연방법에 근거합니다.
신용기록 존속기간은 FRCA (the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C 1681) 에 의해 일반적으로 7년기간이 적용됩니다. 파산기록은 10년, 연방학자금융자부채는 상환시까지 존속합니다. 7년기간내에 채무를 변제하였다 하더라도 그 기록은 7년간 계속 남아 있습니다.
신용기록에 문제가 있는 경우에는 채권자가 아닌 신용기록기관에 연락하여 해결하여야 합니다.
답변:
크레딧 카드 빚과 관련된 제소기간 (statutes of limitations) 과 신용기록 존속기간(credit reporting) 은 다음과 같습니다.
채권자는 채무 변제가 이루어질 때까지 이를 소송을 통해 청구할 수 있지만, 법원에 소송을 제기하여 채권자 권리를 행사하는데 있어서는 반드시 법정 기간내에 소송을 제기하여야 합니다. (CCP sec. 335 et seq.) 예를 들어 서면계약 위반인 경우에는 4년의 제소 기간이 됩니다.
제소기간은 주법에 근거하는 반면, 신용기록은 연방법에 근거합니다.
신용기록 존속기간은 FRCA (the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C 1681) 에 의해 일반적으로 7년기간이 적용됩니다. 파산기록은 10년, 연방학자금융자부채는 상환시까지 존속합니다. 7년기간내에 채무를 변제하였다 하더라도 그 기록은 7년간 계속 남아 있습니다.
신용기록에 문제가 있는 경우에는 채권자가 아닌 신용기록기관에 연락하여 해결하여야 합니다.
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